BECE Science 2018 Past Questions and Answers – Papers 2 & 1

 

JUNE 2018
INTEGRATED SCIENCE 2

ESSAY [100 marks]
1 ¼ hours

This paper is in two sections: A and B. Answer Question 1 in section A and any other four questions in section B
Credit will be given for clarity of expression and orderly presentation of material.

SECTION A
[40 marks]

Answer all of Question 1

1. (a) The diagram below is an illustration of a fish

Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow

(i) Identify the fish [1 mark]

(ii) Name each of the parts labelled I, II, IV, V [4 marks]

(iii) Name the habitat of the fish [1 mark]

(iv) Explain how each of the parts labelled III and VI enables the fish adapt to its habitat. [4 marks]

(b) The diagram below is an illustration of a section through the soil.
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.

(i) What does the diagram represent? [1 mark]

(ii) Name each of the parts labelled I, II, III, IV [4 marks]

(iii) Which part of the diagram:
(α) is the richest in humus? [1 mark]

(β) is the habitat for soil organisms? [1 mark]

(γ) undergoes weathering? [1 mark]

(iv) What is the effect of heavy rainfall on the part labelled I? [1 mark]

(c) The diagram below is an illustration of an electrical circuit.
Study the circuit and answer the questions that follow.

(i) Name each of the parts labelled I, II, IV, VI [4 marks]

(ii) State the energy transformation that takes place in:
(α) I          [2 marks]

(β) IV         [2 marks]

(iii) State the S.I. units of the quantity measured by each of the parts labelled
(α) III          [1 mark]

(β) V           [1 mark]

(iv) State the function of the part labelled VI [1 mark]

(d) In an experiment, equal volumes and equal concentrations of dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sodium hydroxide solutions were each placed in different test tubes.

Read the following statements carefully

I. Both red and blue litmus papers were dipped into each of the solutions in turns.

II. Equal volumes of the solutions were mixed to obtain a third solution.

III. Both red and blue litmus papers were dipped into the third solution.

Use the information provided to answer the following questions.

(i) Explain briefly how you can identify each of the solutions.
(α) Hydrochloric acid; [2 marks]

(β) Sodium hydroxide. [2 marks]

(ii) State the type of reaction that occurred when the two solutions were mixed.
[1 mark]

(iii) What type of solution was formed when the reaction stated in (ii) occurred? [1 mark]

(iv) State what would be observed when both red and blue litmus papers were dipped into the third solution. [2 marks]

(v) Explain how the solid portion of the solution named in (iii) could be obtained. [2 marks]

 

SECTION B
[60 marks]

Answer four questions only from this section

2. (a) (i) What is an ion?
(ii) State two methods of softening hard water.
[4 marks]

(b) (i) Differentiate between pests and parasites as used in agriculture.

(ii) Give an example each of a:

(α) pest;

(β) parasite
[4 marks] (c) (i) What is work?

(ii) A force of 10 N causes a body to move a distance of 5.2 m in the direction of the force. Calculate the work done. [5 marks]

(d) Name two diseases associated with the circulatory system of humans [2 marks]

 

3. (a) (i) What is malnutrition?

(ii) State one symptom each of the following deficiency disease:

(α) scurvy;

(β) rickets.
[4 marks]

(b) Draw the potassium atom and show the distribution of electrons in its shells. [4 marks]

(c) (i) Define potential energy

(ii) An object of mass 10 kg is moving at a velocity of 2 ms–1 .
Calculate the kinetic energy of the object. [5 marks]

(d) State one example each of :

(i) macro nutrients;

(ii) micro nutrients. [2 marks]

 

4. (a) (i) Explain the term hazard.

(ii) List two safety precautions against hazards in the teaching and learning of science. [4 marks]

(b) In a tabular form state three differences between osmosis and diffusion. [3 marks]

(c) (i) What is weather?

(ii) State two differences between weather and season. [4 marks]

(d) (i) What is a fertile soil?

(ii) State two factors that cause loss of soil fertility. [4 mark]

 

5. (a) (i) What is a magnetic field?

(ii) Name two methods of making magnets. [4 marks]

(b) Explain briefly the term teenage pregnancy. [3 marks]

(c) Write the formula for each of the following compounds:

(i) calcium chloride;
(ii) copper (I) oxide;
(iii) nitrogen (IV) oxide;
(iv) ammonia
[4 marks]

(d) (i) List three physical properties of soil.

(ii) What is the texture of clayey soil?
[4 marks]

 

6. (a) (i) What are derived quantities?

(ii) State the S.I. units of the following quantities:

(α) area;
(β) volume.
[4 marks]

(b) (i) State two factors necessary for photosynthesis

(ii) Explain the functions of each of the factors stated in (i) [4 marks]

(c) Explain each of the following terms:

(i) soft water;
(ii) hard water.
[4 marks]

(d) State three reasons why some seeds are nursed. [3 marks]

 

END OF PAPER 2 (ESSAY)

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JUNE 2018
INTEGRATED SCIENCE 2
ESSAY

ANSWERS

NOTE (to the student/candidate)

(i) Ensure that all spellings are correct to score mark
(ii) Wherever there are more options than the question requires, provide only the number required by the question.

1. (a) The diagram below is an illustration of a fish
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow

(i) Identify the fish

• Bony fish
• Tilapia

(ii) Name each of the parts labelled I, II, IV, V

I – mouth
II – gill cover / operculum
III – scales
IV – lateral line

(iii) Name the habitat of the fish

• Fresh water
• river
• lake
• fish pond
• lagoon
• brackish water

(iv) Explain how each of the parts labelled III and VI enables the fish adapt to its habitat.
III – used for
• swimming
• movement
• pitching

IV – used for wide vision / seeing

(b) The diagram below is an illustration of a section through the soil.
Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.

(i) What does the diagram represent?
Soil profile

(ii) Name each of the parts labelled I, II, III, IV

I – Top soil / humus
II – Sub-soil
III – weathered rock / material
IV – parent rock / unweathered rock / bedrock / rock layer

(iii) Which part of the diagram:

(α) is the richest in humus?
I / top soil

(β) is the habitat for soil organisms?
I / top soil

(γ) undergoes weathering?

II – Sub-soil
III – weathered rock / material
IV – parent rock / unweathered rock / bedrock / rock layer

(iv) What is the effect of heavy rainfall on the part labelled I?

 leaching
 erosion

(c) The diagram below is an illustration of an electrical circuit.
Study the circuit and answer the questions that follow.

(i) Name each of the parts labelled I, II, IV, VI [4 marks]

I – cell
II – key / switch
IV – resistor
V – rheostat / variable resistor / resistance box

(ii) State the energy transformation that takes place in:
(α) I        [2 marks]

chemical energy to electrical energy

(β) IV       [2 marks]

electrical energy to heat energy

(iii) State the S.I. units of the quantity measured by each of the parts labelled
(α) III       [1 mark]

ampere / amperes / A

(β) V       [1 mark]

volt / volts / V

(iv) State the function of the part labelled VI [1 mark]

 It is used to regulate current
 It is used to control current
 It is used to vary current

(d) In an experiment, equal volumes and equal concentrations of dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sodium hydroxide solutions were each placed in different test tubes.

Read the following statements carefully.
I. Both red and blue litmus papers were dipped into each of the solutions in turns.
II. Equal volumes of the solutions were mixed to obtain a third solution.
III. Both red and blue litmus papers were dipped into the third solution.

Use the information provided to answer the following questions.

(i) Explain briefly how you can identify each of the solutions.
(α) Hydrochloric acid; [2 marks] It turns blue litmus paper to red

(β) Sodium hydroxide. [2 marks] It turns red litmus paper to blue

(ii) State the type of reaction that occurred when the two solutions were mixed.
[1 mark] Neutralization reaction

(iii) What type of solution was formed when the reaction stated in (ii) occurred?
[1 mark] Salt solution
OR
Sodium chloride solution

(iv) State what would be observed when both red and blue litmus papers were dipped into the third solution. [2 marks] There would be no change in the colours of the red and blue litmus papers
OR
There would be no effect on both the red and blue litmus papers
OR
Red litmus paper remains red, and blue litmus paper remains blue

(v) Explain how the solid portion of the solution named in (iii) could be obtained. [2 marks] Pour the solution into a suitable container and evaporate / allow to dry / heat the solution dryness 

 

SECTION B
[60 marks]

2. (a) (i) What is an ion?
 A charged atom
 A charged group of bonded atoms
 An atom that has lost or gained electron(s)
 A group of bonded atoms that has lost or gained electron(s)

(ii) State two methods of softening hard water.
 Distillation
 Boiling
 Adding washing soda / sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃)
 Deionization
 Using ion exchange resin

(b) (i) Differentiate between pests and parasites as used in agriculture.

PEST	PARASITE
Any organism that causes damage to crops or animals	A living organism that lives on the surface or inside the body of another living organism/host and gets its food from it and thereby causes harm to the host

 

(ii) Give an example each of a:
(α) pest;
 rats,
 bats
 houseflies,
 cockroaches,
 mice,
 fleas,
 etc

(β) parasite
 worms (tapeworm, hookworm, fluke, roundworm etc),
 arthropods /insects (tick, louse, flea, etc),
 protozoa (plasmodium, etc)
 etc
[4 marks] (c) (i) What is work?
Work is done when a force moves a body through a given distance in the direction of the force.
OR
Work is the product of force and the distance moved in the direction of the force.
OR
Work = f × d,
where f = force; and d = distance moved in the direction of the force.

(ii) A force of 10 N causes a body to move a distance of 5.2 m in the direction of the force. Calculate the work done. [5 marks] Work done = force × distance
= 10 × 5.2
= 52 joules or 52 J

(d) Name two diseases associated with the circulatory system of humans [2 marks]  hypertension
 hypotension
 haemorrhoids (piles)
 arteriosclerosis
 etc

 

3. (a) (i) What is malnutrition?
A condition that occurs when a person is not obtaining enough food nutrients.
OR
A condition that results from eating a diet in which nutrients are either not enough / are too much such that the diet causes health problems.
OR
A lack of proper nutrition caused by not eating enough of the right food.
OR
A condition which occurs when there is a deficiency of certain vital nutrients in a person’s diet
OR
A condition caused by lack of a balanced diet and therefore lacking essential food nutrients.

(ii) State one symptom each of the following deficiency disease:
(α) scurvy;
 bleeding gums
 weakness
 bruising
 fatigue
 rashes

(β) rickets.
 bow legs
 poor bone formation
 delayed growth
 pain in the spine
[4 marks]

(b) Draw the potassium atom and show the distribution of electrons in its shells.
                [4 marks]

(c) (i) Define potential energy
It is the energy possessed by a body due to its relative position.
OR
The energy a body possesses as a result of its position relative to others.

(ii) An object of mass 10 kg is moving at a velocity of 2 ms–1 .
Calculate the kinetic energy of the object
Kinetic energy = ½ mv² , where m = mass of body; and v = velocity
= ½ × 10 × 2²
= ½ × 10 × 2 × 2
= 20 joules or 20 J
[5 marks] (d) State one example each of :
(i) macro nutrients;
 Nitrogen / N
 Phosphorus / P
 Potassium / K
 Calcium / Ca
 Magnesium / Mg
 Sodium / Na

(ii) micro nutrients.
 Copper / Cu
 Zinc / Zn
 Molybdenum / Mo
 Iron / Fe
 Boron / B
 Cobalt / Co
[2 marks]

 

4. (a) (i) Explain the term hazard.
Hazard is a danger / risk that could result in physical harm to people or damage to property.
OR
A source of potential damage / harm / adverse health effect on something or someone.

(ii) List two safety precautions against hazards in the teaching and learning of science.
 wearing protective clothing / boots / goggles
 routine maintenance of equipment
 closing all taps before leaving the laboratory
 switching off all electrical points
 mounting hazard signs of dos and don’ts in the laboratory / working area
– etc         [4 marks]

(b) In a tabular form state three differences between osmosis and diffusion.
[3 marks]

Osmosis	Diffusion
Movement of water molecules only	Movement of any particle / chemical substance
Requires a semi-permeable membrane	Does not require a semi-permeable membrane
Moves from a dilute solution to concentrated solution	Moves from a concentrated region to a less concentrated region
Occurs in liquids only	Occurs in both liquids and gases / fluids

(c) (i) What is weather?
It is the atmospheric conditions at a place over a short period of time.
OR
It is the day-to-day conditions / changes of the atmosphere / environment.
OR
It is the state of the atmosphere / environment describing the day to day temperature, humidity, cloud cover , atmospheric pressure, wind or precipitation activity.

(ii) State two differences between weather and season.

WEATHER	SEASON
Changes daily / in a few hours	Lasts for about 3 or 4 months
Caused by atmospheric conditions	Caused by the revolution of the earth
Relatively short termed	Relatively long termed
Covers relatively smaller areas	Covers relatively larger area
Does not influence plants or animal habitat	Influences plant or animal habitat
Not influenced by distance from the sun	Influenced by distance from sun
Measurable	Not measurable

[4 marks]

(d) (i) What is fertile soil?
A soil that has sufficient/adequate plant nutrients to support healthy plant growth
OR
A soil that has all major nutrients for plant nutrition and others to support plant growth.
OR
A soil that is able to provide all essential plant nutrients in available forms for the healthy growth of plants.

(ii) State two factors that cause loss of soil fertility.
[4 mark]  Removal of top soil by erosion
 Removal of nutrients by crops / depletion / nutrient mining
 Sand winning / physical degradation of soil / poor soil structure / water logging / compaction, etc
 Decreased soil bioactivity
 Soil acidification / salinization / alkalization
 leaching
 overcropping
 overgrazing
 erosion
 excessive burning / bush burning / wildfires /
 Indiscriminate use of agrochemicals / soil pollution
 inefficient soil management practices
 etc 

 

5. (a) (i) What is a magnetic field?
It is a region / area around a magnet within which the magnetic force can be felt
OR
It is an area around a moving electric charge within which the force of magnetism acts.

(ii) Name two methods of making magnets
 Induction
 Stroking
 The use of electricity
 Hammering / hitting
[4 marks]

(b) Explain briefly the term teenage pregnancy [3 marks] When a girl under the age of 20 years conceives / takes seed.
OR
When a female person below 20 years gets pregnant.

(c) Write the formula for each of the following compounds:
(i) calcium chloride; – CaCl₂
(ii) copper (I) oxide; – Cu₂O
(iii) nitrogen (IV) oxide; – NO₂
(iv) ammonia – NH₃
[4 marks] (d) (i) List three physical properties of soil.
 texture
 structure
 temperature
 colour
 strength / consistence
 permeability
 water
 air
 porosity
 drainage
 capillarity
 organism

(ii) What is the texture of clayey soil?
 It is smooth /
 It is slippery / sticky when wet.
[4 marks]

 

6. (a) (i) What are derived quantities?
They are quantities which are combination / multiples / ratios of base / fundamental quantities.

(ii) State the S.I. units of the following quantities:
(α) area – m² / square metre
(β) volume. – m³ / cubic metre

[4 marks] (b) (i) State two factors necessary for photosynthesis
 sunlight
 chlorophyll
 carbon dioxide
 water

(ii) Explain the functions of each of the factors stated in (i) [4 marks] Chlorophyll –
 Absorbs sunlight
 Traps light

Sunlight –
 Provides energy /
 Separates the hydrogen and oxygen atoms of water

Water –
 Raw material
 Combines with carbon dioxide to produce food
 Splits into oxygen, hydrogen ions and electrons to replace the host electrons

Carbon dioxide –
 Raw material
 Used in splitting water
 Reduced to sugar

(c) Explain each of the following terms:
(i) soft water;
 It is water that lathers easily / readily with soap
 It is water that does not contain Ca or Mg ions / salts
 It is water that contains negligible quantities of Ca²⁺ or Mg²⁺

(ii) hard water.
 It is water that does not lather easily with soap
 It is water that contains Ca or Mg ions / salts
 It is water that contains Ca²⁺ or Mg²⁺
[4 marks]

(d) State three reasons why some seeds are nursed. [3 marks] (i) some seeds are unable to withstand adverse weather conditions
(ii) provides favourable growth conditions
(iii) better protection / care for seedlings
(iv) enables selection of healthy seedlings
(v) some seeds need special treatment to enhance germination / better germination
(vi) eliminates problems of unfavourable soil conditions
(vii) easy control of weeds
(viii) reduces field management cost
(ix) improves crop growth uniformity
(x) nursed seeds provide higher yield 

END OF PAPER 2 (ESSAY) ANSWERS

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JUNE 2018
INTEGRATED SCIENCE 1

OBJECTIVE TEST
45 minutes

Answer all the questions
Do all rough work on this question paper

1. The space occupied by matter is its
A. area
B. mass
C. volume
D. weight

2. Which of the following structures contain cellulose?
A. Cell wall
B. Cell membrane
C. Chloroplast
D. Mitochondrion

3. Which of the following activities are cultural practices used in tomato cultivation?
I. Pest control
II. Pricking out
III. Fertilizer application

A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

4. The farming system that makes effective use of available soil nutrients in a growing season is
A. crop rotation
B. land rotation
C. mixed cropping
D. mixed farming

5. Which of the following members in a food chain will receive the least energy?
A. Lizard
B. Grass
C. Grasshopper
D. Hawk

6. Digestion of fats and oils in humans starts in the
A. colon
B. gullet
C. mouth
D. duodenum

7. What is the chemical symbol for silver?
A. Ag
B. Au
C. Si
D. S

8. The process by which gas changes to liquid is known as
A. melting
B. evaporation
C. condensation
D. boiling

9. Which of the following substances is acidic?
A. Wood ash
B. Salt-petre
C. Bee stings
D. Bicarbonate of soda

10. The basic unit of life is the
A. cell
B. nucleus
C. organ
D. tissue

11. Useful materials in food that provide growth and repair of worn-out tissues are called
A. carbohydrates
B. vitamins
C. proteins
D. fats

12. In human reproduction, the sperm fertilizes the female egg to form the
A. zygote
B. follicle
C. ovary
D. ovum

Use the information below to answer questions 13 to 15

A solid X reacted with a liquid Y to form a salt and water only. A portion of liquid Y turned blue litmus paper red. Solid X did not dissolve when a portion of it was placed in water and stirred.

13. Solid X could be said to be
A. an acid
B. an alkali
C. a base
D. a salt

14. Liquid Y is
A. an acid
B. an alkali
C. a base
D. a metal

15. If red litmus paper is placed in liquid Y, the colour of the paper will
A. remain the same
B. change to blue
C. change to purple
D. become brighter

16. The type of soil which becomes water-logged after rainfall is made up of a large amount of
A. silt
B. sand
C. gravel
D. clay

17. Ringworm is a disease which attacks the
A. skin
B. lungs
C. liver
D. kidneys

18. The most appropriate practice to adopt when growing vegetables in the dry season is
A. watering
B. transplanting
C. pest control
D. fertilizer application

19. Which of the following organisms improves soil fertility?
A. Caterpillar
B. Millipede
C. Nematode
D. Rat

20. The introduction of natural enemies to control pests on a field is a
A. physical control method
B. cultural control method
C. chemical control method
D. biological control method

21. A body has a density of 30 g cm^–3 and volume of 6 cm³. Determine the mass of the body.
A. 180.0 g
B. 24.0 g
C. 5.0 g
D. 0.2 g

22. The force which tends to pull an object in a circular motion towards the centre of the circle is called
A. centripetal force
B. electrostatic force
C. gravitational force
D. magnetic force

23. The swollen shoot disease of cocoa is caused by
A. fungus
B. virus
C. bacteria
D. protozoa

24. The instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure is called
A. a thermometer
B. a force meter
C. a barometer
D. an anemometer

25. The systematic name of NO₂ is
A. nitrogen oxide
B. nitrogen (I) oxide
C. nitrogen (II) oxide
D. nitrogen (IV) oxide

26. Which of the following simple machines is a second class lever?
A. Bottle top opener
B. Claw hammer
C. Fishing rod
D. Pair of pliers

27. A cylindrical metal has radius 7 cm and height 2cm. Determine the volume of the cylinder. A. 44 cm³
B. 107 cm³
C. 308 cm³
D. 1078 cm³

28. Which of the following statements are true of compounds?
I. They are homogenous
II. Their constituents are present in fixed ratio by mass
III. Their constituents keep their individual properties

A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

29. Which of the following factors contribute to early parenthood?
I. Illiteracy
II. Poverty
III. Peer pressure
IV. Lack of parental care

A. I and II only
B. II and III only
C. III and IV only
D. I, II, III and IV

30. Which of the following statements about the negative use of Science and Technology is correct? It
A. promotes good health
B. promotes easy communication
C. enable humans to use less energy in working
D. creates things that are dangerous to the environment

31. Which of the following nutrients is needed by plants in small quantities?
A. Calcium
B. Iron
C. Potassium
D. Magnesium

32. Which of the following statements about shadow formation is correct? It shows that light rays can
A. be diffused
B. travel in a straight line
C. be refracted
D. be reflected

33. The colour of the neutral wire in an electrical circuit is
A. blue
B. brown
C. green
D. yellow

34. A metal displaces 5.0 cm³ of water when it is totally immersed. If the mass of the metal is 35.0 g, calculate its density
A. 7.0 g cm^–3
B. 30.0 cm^–3
C. 40.0 cm^–3
D. 175.0 cm^–3

35. Which of the following physical properties of water are correct? Water
I. is a colourless liquid
II. is a universal solvent
III. boils at 100°C at standard atmospheric pressure
IV. has a density of 5 kg cm^–3 at 4°C

A. I and II only
B. II and III only
C. I, II and III only
D. II, III and IV only

36. The relative proportions of the different particle sizes in a soil sample refer to soil
A. temperature
B. texture
C. structure
D. porosity

37. Which of the following chemical equations is balanced?
A. K + O₂ → K2O
B. Mg + O₂ → MgO
C. Na + Cl₂ → NaCl
D. H₂ + Cl₂ → 2HCl

38. Heat is transferred along an iron bar by
A. absorption
B. conduction
C. convection
D. radiation

39. The second stage in the life of a mosquito is the
A. egg
B. imago
C. larva
D. pupa

40. The function of the platelets in the circulatory system of humans is to
A. transport oxygen
B. transport carbon dioxide
C. defend the body
D. clot the blood

END OF PAPER 1 (OBJECTIVES)

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JUNE 2018
INTEGRATED SCIENCE 1
OBJECTIVE TEST

ANSWERS

1. C. volume
2. A. cell wall
3. D. I, II and III
4. C. mixed cropping
5. D. Hawk
6. D. duodenum
7. A. Ag
8. C. condensation
9. C. Bee stings
10. A. cell
11. C. proteins
12. A. zygote
13. C. a base
14. A. an acid
15. A. remain the same
16. D. clay
17. A. skin
18. A. watering
19. B. Millipede
20. D. biological control method
21. A. 180.0 g
22. A. centripetal force
23. B. virus
24. C. a barometer
25. D. nitrogen (IV) oxide
26. A. Bottle top opener
27. C. 308 cm³
28. A. I and II only
29. D. I, II, III and IV
30. D. creates things that are dangerous to the environment
31. B. Iron
32. B. travel in a straight line
33. A. blue
34. A. 7.0 g cm^–3
35. C. I, II and III only
36. B. texture
37. D. H₂ + Cl₂ → 2HCl
38. B. conduction
39. C. larva
40. D. clot the blood

 

END OF PAPER 1 (OBJECTIVES) ANSWERS

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