Social Studies 2019 Paper 2 Essay Environment Answers 1-2

April 11, 2020
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JUNE 2019
SOCIAL STUDIES

Paper 2
ESSAY

ANSWERS

SECTION I
THE ENVIRONMENT

Answer one question only from this section

1. (a) Explain the following:

(i) Cardinal points
They are the four major directions or geographical points on a compass used to locate places. The cardinal points are North, East, West and South.

(ii) Scale of a map.
The ratio or proportion of distance measured on a map to the actual distance on the ground. A scale can be expressed in either linear form, statement form and or any fractional form.

(b) Draw a diagram to show the four cardinal points of a compass.
A diagram showing the four cardinal points of a compass.

(c) Describe how one can use the four cardinal points to determine direction without the use of a compass.
Using the knowledge of the position of the sun

A. Stretch out hands sideways (Preamble)
(i) Let the right-hand point to the direction of sun rise – is the East.
(ii) Let the left-hand point to the direction of sun set – is the West
(iii) The direction facing you is the North
(iv) The direction opposite the North is the South

B. In the morning stand in the sun (Preamble)
(i) detect your shadow east on the ground
(ii) your shadow approximately points to the north-west in the morning

C. In the afternoon stand in the sun (Preamble)
(i) detect your shadow cast on the floor
(ii) your shadow approximately points to the south-east in the afternoon.

D. Place a stick upright so that its shadow can be observed
The stick should be placed on a level ground (Preamble)
(i) mark the position of the shadow
(ii) after 10 – 30 minutes mark the position of the shadow again
(iii) make a straight line between the two positions
(iv) the positions of the two shadows mark the east and west direction
(v) the first mark of the shadow is the west
(vi) the second mark is the east

E. Knowledge of some important landmark in our communities.
(i) some landmarks e.g. chiefs palace, light house, church building etc.
(ii) migratory birds, migratory herd of some animals.

2. (a) Define the following terms:

(i) national unity
The situation in which the various ethnic groups of a country live together in peace.

(ii) national integrity
Upholding the good name of a country through uprightness anywhere and at any time.

(b) Outline four ways by which the integrity of the nation can be defended.
(Write an essay of at least four paragraphs to explain, with examples, any four of these points)

(i) living by the constitution of the country
(ii) accepting responsibility of work anywhere in the country
(iii) reporting criminals to law enforcement authorities
(iv) taking part in national assignments
(v) protecting the symbols of national unity
(vi) protecting national properties
(vii) defending the nation at international fora
(viii) being patriotic
(ix) patronizing goods made in Ghana
(x) cultivating good character
(xi) displaying good character
(xii) upholding national virtues or values e.g. honesty, tolerance, love for one another, etc.
(xiii) payment of taxes