Social Studies 2019 Paper 2 Governance Answers 3-4

JUNE 2019
SOCIAL STUDIES

Paper 2
ESSAY

ANSWERS

SECTION II
GOVERNANCE, POLITICS AND STABILITY

Answer one question only from this section.

3. (a) Define colonization.

Taking over the functions of administration or government of a country by a foreign power.

(b) List five negative effects of colonization.

(i) destruction of cultural values
(ii) breakdown of traditional system of government
(iii) excessive taste for foreign goods
(iv) unfair terms of trade
(v) destruction of traditional/ local industries
(vi) encouraging the cultivation of cash crops at the expenses of food crops.
(vii) overdependence on colonial masters
(viii) over exploitation of national resources
(ix) widening the gap between rural and urban areas
(x) separation of the cultural bonds of ethnic groups
(xi) promoting foreign language at the expense of the local language
(xii) adulteration of Ghanaian identity
(xiii) demonizing our Ghanaian traditional religion.

(c) Highlight four ways by which the negative effects of colonization in Ghana can be reduced.

(Write an essay of at least four paragraphs to discuss, with examples, any four of these points)

(i) development of human resource suitable for the country
(ii) patronage of goods made in Ghana
(iii) self-sufficiency in food production
(iv) rejection of negative foreign ideas.
(v) cultivation of positive attitudes towards work
(vi) display of positive attitudes towards country
(vii) appreciation of the value of human resources of the country
(viii) restructuring of educational structure.
(ix) patriotism
(x) reduction of dependence on foreign aid
(xi) development of local industries
(xii) support of local industry by government
(xiii) re-development of our cultural values
(xiv) diversification of economy
(xv) reduction of excessive taste for foreign goods
(xvi) provision of youth employment/jobs
(xvii) sustainable development efforts
(xviii) harnessing of local resources
(xix) judicious use of local resources
(xx) prevention of leakages/ bribery, corruption/ mismanagement etc.
(xxi) exporting more goods than importing.

4. (a) Describe four attitudes and values needed to prevent conflicts in the community.

(Write an essay of at least four paragraphs to describe, with examples, any four of these points)

(i) tolerance
(ii) accommodating/ co-operation/ compromise
(iii) respect of alternate views
(iv) intermarriages
(v) commitment
(vi) love
(vii) forgiveness
(viii) honesty
(ix) trustworthiness
(x) transparency
(xi) avoiding stereotyping
(xii) fairness
(xiii) respect for humanity
(xiv) acknowledge concerns of others
(xv) humility
(xvi) comportment
(xvii) kindness

(b) Explain two effects of conflicts on the community.

(Write an essay of at least two paragraphs to state and briefly explain, with examples, any two of these points)

(i) abuse of human rights
(ii) destruction of properties
(iii) breakdown of law and order
(iv) destruction of lives
(v) insecurity
(vi) brain drain
(vii) outbreak of diseases
(viii) development of perpetual enmity among feuding groups
(ix) distortion of economic life
(x) distortion of social life
(xi) curtailment of freedom of movement and association
(xii) hunger/ famine
(xiii) displacement of people
(xiv) increase of government expenditure
(xv) emotional trauma
(xvi) investors are not attracted.

(c) List two peaceful ways by which conflicts in society can be resolved.

(i) mediation
(ii) court action
(iii) arbitration
(iv) reconciliation
(v) workshop
(vi) law
(vii) counselling
(viii) negotiation
(ix) retribution
(x) persuasion
(xi) haggling/ buttering
(xii) total surrender
(xiii) collaboration
(xiv) compromising
(xv) withdrawing
(xvi) public education

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